4.- SECURITY & RESPONSABILITY

The Internet has changed our daily life, conneting us to the world. However it is also true that new problems has appered. We can classified the threats in two main types:

1. To the machine
2. To the individuals

We should be careful and protect us from them.  The protection of the machine would be eay if you follow this advises

THREATS	SOLUTIONS
Virus	Antivirus
Spyware	Firewall
Black Hackers	White hacking Criptography Passwords
Avoid theats	Update your computer

But we also have to protect the individuals. It is more important. Among the treats to the individuals we could hightlight

• Indentity theft
• Phising
• Loss of privacity
• Demage of our identity 
• Cyberbulling

Our actitude is the best protention

1.- Talk to your parents
2.- Do not ask for or give out data
3.- Do not talk to strangers
4.- Turn your WEBCAM off
5.- Limit how long you spend on the Internet
6.- Inform yourself about sites.


ACTIVITIES

1.- Check your antivirus program

2.- Check your firewall

3.- Do search on the Internet for Information of Cyberbulling


HOMEWORK

Prepare a debate using the search you have done

3.- SHARING CONTENTS ON THE INTERNET

Although HTML code is important to create web pages, we usually sharing our contents by using other tools. Weg Pages Editors such as Mozilla Kompozer and Nvu can help us to create our web sites. FTP ' s programmes are used to upload the sites.

The easiest way to publising contents are blogs. Blogges from Google and WordPress from Microsoft are good examples of this. Google Sites is another Google's application which let us to share contents. 

This video explain the steps to use these three applications. However my best advise would be, you should try them and choose the easiest one for you.

EXAMPLE OF WORDPRESS

EXAMPLE OF BLOGGER

EXAMPLE OF GOOGLE SITES

ACTIVITIES

Try the three tools and then choose one of them to create you site. In this Site you can save and store your work. You can use it as a notebook if you want.

HOMEWORK

Explain in details how you have created your site

7.- LISTENING

This is the sumarize of the lesson. You should fill in the blanks meanwhile you listen the audio

6.- READING

QUESTIONS

1.- Who was ADA LOVEACE?

2.- How did ADA contribute to development of programming?

3.- Why is ADA's day celebrated?

4.- Who was LORD Byron?

2.- MY FIRST WEB PAGE

We should learn to use HTML code. It is not easy, I know, but nobody has said that it has be easy. So pay attention to the video and, most important to what we are going to do in class. If you don`t understand, you should tell to your teacher.




ACTIVITIES

Create your web page and upload to your Schoology account

HOMEWORK

Do a mental map of the lesson

1.- INTRODUCTION

We use computer everywhere at home and at work. Computers let us communicate and share contents. However it maight be very useful some basic knowledge of HTML code to improve this new actitude. This is the main reason why we study HTML code this year. In this video there are some basic contents you should know. I hope you could enjoy them.




ACTIVITIES

Do a sumarize of the lesson

HOMEWORK

Look for the most importat HTML tags and clasified by their uses.

5.- MOTION CONVERTIONS MECHANISMS

And finally, we are going to study a set of mechanisms which very often convert the rotation motion to linear motion. Rack and pinion, cranck and slider and finally cams are the most important of them. I have sumarizied them in this video.





ACTIVITIES.

1.- If a worm gear has 60 teeth and rotates at 100 rpm, calculate the speed of rotation of the screw (1 teeth)

2.- Create a chart containig the types os machanisms in this lesson.

HOMEWORK

Do a metal maps of the UNIT (MECHANISMS)

4.- PULLEYS, GEARS AND BELTS

Rotary motion is one of the most common types of motion in machines because it is the movement created by motors..
Rotary transmision mechanims transfer these motions from the driver shaft to the driven shaft.

In this viedo you can learn the main concepts of these types of mechanims.





ACTIVITIES

1.- Calculate the output speed of a friction wheel transmission system if the first wheel has a diameter os 10 cm, rotates ar 10 rpm and the transmission ratio is 5. Idicate whether the mechanism is a speed reducer and if the second wheel is bigger or smaller.

2.- Study the gear train in the figure. Calculate the output speed of transmission system, given that wheel A rotates at 600 rpm. The number of teeth on each wheel is idicatated in the figure.

HOMEWORK

Sumarize the lesson

3.- PULLEYS

A pulley is a wheel with a grooved rim. It uses to lift heavy loads. They could be fixed o Moveable pulleys. A set of moveable pulley is a hoist. They maight be trocho or sieze.

In this video you have information about them





ACTIVITIES

1.-If you want to lift 20 kg using a pulley How many kg do you have to do?

a) With a fixed pulley

b) With a movable pulley

c) With a trocho hoist of 3 movable pulleys

d) With a size hoist of 2 movable pulleys

2.- Draw the forces and pulleys of the exercise 1

HOMEWORK

Sumarize the lesson

2.- LEVERS

A lever is a simple machine which has a rigid bar. This bar can pivot on a point of support calls fulcrum. It its used to lift load by applying force to a point on the bar. The applied force calls efford, whereas the load to be lifted is resistance.
The law of lever, which is a consecuence of dynamic equilibriul is E * Ae = R * Ar.
The grater distance between the applied force and the fulcrum, the less efford.
This video shows what you must learn about levers.




ACTIVITIES


1.- Classified this levers and indicate the efford, flucrum and resistance

Scissors, nutcracker, tweezers, wheelbarrow, bottle opener, fishing rod, swing

2.- Imagine you have a lever which one arm double to the other arm. You want to put 20 Kg on one arm and 40 Kg on the other. Where should you position the loads to keep the lever balanced?

HOMEWORK

Sumarize the lesson

1.- MACHINES

Technolgy disigns and build machines which are capable to easy our life. However to undestand them we need some scientific kowledge. This video shows them






ACTIVITIES

1.- Search on the Internet the keywords of this post

2.- Make a list of Energy and Power units and some equivalences

HOMEWORK


1.- How many julios is a calorie?

2.- How many julios is a Kwh?

3.- How many watios is a CV?

2.- EXERCISES

Finally we are going to do some examples


1.- Analyze the stresses of the swing

2.- What are the differences between the swing with and without children?

 3.- And what are at rest and moving?

4.- Try to dimension the structural elements of the project. If you need some information, look it up on the Internet.

 6.- What is the center of gravity? Is it stable? Why?

1.- STRUCTURES

ACTIVITIES: 1.- Using the scale 1cm equals 1kg, the square the bevel, the compass and the protractor, find the value of the following operations with vectors f1 = 5 kg in 30º direction and upwards f2 = 3 kg horizontal direction and downward direction a) f1 + f2 b) f1-f2 2.- Find the following moments of the forces a) 5 kg in a direction perpendicular to his arm of 3 m and positive direction b) 5 kg applied forming an angle of 30º with an arm of 3m and negative direction. 3.- Search the Internet about different types of structures. With this information, make a report that will be shared.

8.- PRINTING

Once the piece is obtained in GCODE format, the file is copied to the SD card.

The card is placed in the holder.

The bed is lowered using the control dial. Put some lacquer on the bed. With the control dial you select the part you want to print. And the printing begins.

When the printer has finished, the piece is removed using a spatula

ACTIVITIES

Write a report about the printing process. You can add pictures or videos.

HOMEWORK

Sumarize the unit.

7.- REPETIER HOST

If we want to print a object, the format of the file must be GCODE. Our desing are in STL CODE, so we need a programme  to do this. This programme is REPETIER HOST. This program transforms objects in 3D into a column of planes. By tracing the contours of the piece in each plane and filling them with plastic, the objects are printed with the 3D printer. The program also allows to select the optimal conditions, which for the case of the PLA are 205 ºC and 100ºC for the bed. You can change the filling density, to save time and material.

It is very important to consider how the piece is because if there are hollow areas, they can collapse during the process.

ACTIVITIES

Read the information you can see in this link  https://tecnorobot.educa2.madrid.org/tecnologia/-/visor/documentacion-formacion-inicial

Write a report about REPETIER HOST

6.- BLOCKSCAD

By creating a simple object one cup, we are going to learn drawing using comands. This is very simple programme which can do this.





ACTIVITIES

1.- Using blockSCAD to desing a snowman, a Minion or a car. 

HOMEWORK

1.-Search on the INTERNET about

Slic3r
Cura
Repetier Host

2.- What are the differences between STL format and GCODE?

5.- SKETCH UP

Sketch up is other programme that we can use to design 3D objects. We are going to learn something by drawing this figure:

This  tutorial shows how you can do, however, as I have already said, you should do, you should train and this is the only way to improve in this subject.





ACTIVITIES

Draw the figure using SKETCH UP


HOMEWORK

Write a report 

4.- DESINGING 3D

The first step in 3D printing is the desing. To do this you should setch and do a planning. In this case the thing is very simple:





To do this, sketch and planning firstly. It can be undestood in 4 steps which are:

1º Rectangle (50x14x2)
2º Cylinder (23x2)
3º Hole (5)
4º Text (5 heigth)

Finally dowload in STL format. This video shows how to do it









ACTIVITIES




1.- Create an account in TinkerCAD
2.- Draw the example
3.- Download as STL format
4.- Upload to your SCHOOLOGY account

HOMEWORK

Design something to be printed

3.- MATERIALS

Taking into consideration how the extrusor works, we need plastics to 3D print. Plastic in general can be Termoplastic or Termoestatic. We use Termoplastic for 3D PRINTING. ABS, PLA, FILALEX, are very comun.

Search on the Internet their properties

Mechanics

Fisics

and Chemical composition.

2.- 3D PRINTER

The element that we are going to describe is the 3d printer. It is essentially a Cartesian industrial robot, in which the clamp has been replaced by a simplified extruder. 

Any 3d body is considered the stacking of the contour. An outline is a line that can be drawn as a sequence of points.

1.-The structure. The structure is constituted by a series of links that allow to be placed in any point of the space, crossing a distance along, in width and in vertical. This system has as a terminal element an extruder that pulls plastic material and at the same time that it heats it passes towards a nozzle by which it leaves in a semipasted state. The thickness of the nozzle is usually 0.4.

2.-The system of mechanisms responsible for transmitting movement to the robotic arm
3.-Control systems. The control system consists of an ARDUINO controller board. With a series of inputs supplied by the different temperature sensors and the SD card with the design file. The output of this card are the motors that by pulleys, gears and tapes make move the extruder to the point where it will fix the material in a half-pasted state.

   A 3d printer, consisting mainly of the elements that can be seen in the photograph, plus the feeding system that is a coil of material that is in the back. There are essentially 3 systems

1.-Part printing system. Configured by extruder and robotic arm
2.-The reception system of the piece also called Hot bed.
The control system formed by
                                             3.-LCD display in which a menu appears with different options
                                       4.-A series of buttons which highlights a dial. The turn allows us to move around the different categories of the menu and when you click you select one of them.
                                        5.-Slot for the insertion of the SD card with the GCODE files.

When you want to print a piece, you start by turning on the printer and placing the extruder in the start position. We open the window, remove the glass from the bed and add a little lacquer, to improve the adhesion of the piece. Then with the dial, the SD card is selected and the part you want to print is selected again. The printer starts by heating the bed and extruder. The process is automatic. When the piece is finished it is removed

Plastic feeding can also be done in a powdery state: in such cases the layers are compacted.

1.- INTRODUCTION

Technology is evolving more and more rapidly. 3D printers are part of what is called the third industrial revolution. Manufacturing processes become automatic and production control is carried out by means of a computer.
 The first examples of this new productive system, was the numerical control and the computer-aided manfuctura (CAM). For this reason, CAD evolved rapidly, since it allowed to move from design to production quickly and easily.

Now that 3D printers are available for domestic use, anybody can make plastic parts, utensils and other materials at a lower cost and with more flexibility to design for their specific needs.

3D printers has a wide variety of uses, including education, medical applications, relief replicas for people with visual impairmet.


3D printing allows you to create three-dimensional objects by adding successive layers. The objects are divided into flat layers that, in turn, are formed by joining the contour lines.

If you want to print something in 3D you will need

1.- A Desing. The desing should be done as a file, so you need a program for it. Among others you can use SketchUp, TinkerCAD, OpenCAD, etc.. The file must be saved in STL format. We can also find parts in respositories such as Thingverse, EducaMadrid

2.- A 3 D Printer. 3D Printer is a machine than can print figues with volumen from a computer design.

3.- Materials. We use plastic (termoplastic) to do our 3D models. You can use ABS, PLA, others. We usually use PLA because of its properties, low toxicity and it is also enviromental friendly.

4.- ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVES

Isometric perspective is very useful because it seems that the objects have 3 dimensions, however y more complicates to draw. You need special paper and the square and bevel to draw the axis and angles of 120º. This viedo shows how you can transform from the European System into Isometric perspective. There isn't any recipie. It depends of you and also the figure you want to draw.

ACTIVITIES

1.- Draw the isometric of the followin figures.

FIGURAS

HOMEWORK

Draw 3 objects using isometric perspective.

3.- DIMENSIONING

You should express the dimensions in your draws. It is very important and it is standardisation




ACTIVITIES

1.- Dimension your draw. Each square is 1 cm

2.- Dimension the following figures

FIGURES


HOMEWORK


1.- Draw the figures in isometric and cavalier perspective

ENLACE

2.- EUROPEAN SYSTEM

It is a tutorial to understand how you can represent a object in EUROPEAN SYSTEM. As the sound is bad quality I`ll explain in class, however it maight be usefull to repeat at home.




ACTIVITIES

1.- Draw the primary views of following figures

HOMEWORK 

1.- Dimension the figures taking into consideration the scale 1:1

1.- INTRODUCTION

We start this course explaining graphic communication which is very importan to design new objects. Although computers have changed the way of desinging and the tools for it, I strongly believe that pencil and papel are still necesary to draw. So here you are some importants contents and exercises




ACTIVITIES

1.- Sumarize the video (100 words)

2.- Define: plan, standardisation, auxiliary dimension line, cavalier perspective, and  scale

3.- Write the name of the view that we must represent and its positon. 

4.- Write the differences between isometric and cavarier perspective

6.- Indicate the name of element used in dimensioning

HOMEWORK

1.- Draw the three main views of following figures, and dimension them correctly taking into consideration Scale 1:1

DRAWS


2.- Draw the isometric perspective of following figures


FIGURES

5.- PROGRAMMING

In near future programming will be necesary for all of us. Consequently we should learn. We have started the year before an this is the sumarize





ACTIVITIES

Create a game using Scratch on the falling apples and collect them in a basket. An accountant will tell us the number of apples picked


HOMEWORK

Express the game in Flowchart

4.- COMPER & THE INTERNET

We use computers every day at home at work. Computers have changed our way of live, and they will doing in the next future. This is the main reason why it is very necesary to study. This year will study robotis and also HTML code.




ACTIVITIES

1.- Do an online search for information and compose a text with the answers of these questions
a) What is an algorith?
b)  What is a flowchart?
c) Use a flowchart to represent an algorith capable of control your money

2.- By using Scratch, create a programme to control your money. 

3.- Do a tutorial of exercise 2 by using Power Point.



HOMEWORK

Finish the activities and send them by using your Schoology account.

1.- ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS

The course before, you studied electricity. This year you will study deeply this contents. This is the main reason why you should review it very carefully to remeber it, otherwise you will not understand electrical circuits of this year. I have summarized them in this video.




ACTIVITIES

1.- Use Cocodrile Clips programe to simulate simple circuits.

2.- If you have a 5 V battery and a buckle whose resistance is 1 K, what is the intensity of the circuit?


HOMEWORK


1.- Design a circuit that consists of a battery, switches, commutators or relays, two bulbs and a motor.

2.- How would you integrate this circuit to your project? Make a mini project for that circuit.